Diamond processing process process - mobilebroadbandrocks

Stacey

September 11, 2022 at 6:07 am

Diamond processing usually includes five processes of design, splitting, sawing, car, and grinding.
The radilateral alien diamond except for the processing process of the waist edge and the coating of the small surface slightly different, the process process is close to the round diamond. The ladder -shaped alien diamond's waist bodium does not need a rig processing, and it is always grinded. The process process and the appliances used are very different from the round diamond. It can be seen that not every diamond must be designed, split, saw, car, and grinds five major processes from the original blank to the finished product, but no matter what grinding and carving diamonds, the two processes of design and grinding diamonds are bound to be bound to be bound to be bound to be necessary. Essence.
(1) Design standard line
The design labeling line is the most basic process of diamond processing. Excellent diamond designers should have at least some of the following quality and skills:
1) The main characteristics of diamonds, especially like crystal, crystal structure, explanation, internal stress (abnormal dual refractive phenomenon), bag body, hardness, each hardness, hardness, and hardness Those characteristics that are closely related to the processing process of the opposite sex must be applied.
2) Familiar with the entire process process of diamond processing, the specific procedures of each road, and the technical level of the workers of the factory, adopt reasonable design choices.
3) Familiar with market conditions, weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the overall benefits of market demand, income rate, risk level, selling price, capital turnover, etc., find out the balance point, find the balance point, and make the best plan.
The tools for the designer's commonly prepared are: electronic scale, card ruler regulation, 10x amplifier (preferably with desktop amplification mirror), calculator, diamond lamp, diamond rough sieve, polarizer, microscope, paper bag, marked line pens And oily ink. The design steps are as follows.
1. The rough stones are sorted according to the size, color, clarity, and crystal shape of the original stone. Observing the rough from the perspective of design, mainly considering the factors: crystal and clarity.
1) The crystal CSO is used to dividing the crystal of the original stone into six categories, that is, the ruler crystal (STONES), the deformed crystal (Shapes), the Cleavages, the Macles, the Flats, and the hexainet Cubes and so on. The regular crystal refers to the octagonal and duodate that is intact, no or almost no deformation. The processing process is called Sawable; the deformation crystal refers to Extending or flattening, that is, the complete transistor that is obviously deformed. The processing process is called a granular drill (Makeable,); Objectively speaking, the distinction between these types of crystals does not have the scale of strict reorganization, and to a certain extent, it is necessary to judge by experience.
2) The clarity is that if the crystal is mainly affecting the income rate, the clarity directly affects the value of the finished diamond. From the perspective of design, you should first clarify the type, size, number, location, and contrast of the inner content; secondly confirm that the flaws that can be removed through processing can be removed; again They are placed in unique and non -reflected positions. When it comes to the surface scrub hair and the rough stone with "shell", it can be grinded at the appropriate part. Talking is called "opening the window". Sometimes the depth of flaws cannot be clear at a glance, and you can use microscope to test. The method is to rotate the focus knob under the same magnification, and find the corresponding relationship between the actual distance between the two points and the scales that rotate the rotation of the new point; then fix the diamond on the carrier, first gather the focus on the surface of the crystal surface On the top, gradually stretch the focal length to the inner content, and write down the size of the focus knob to turn to the actual distance of the inner content from the surface of the crystal to determine whether they can remove them during processing.
2. Design principles
The principles of diamond design mainly include the principles of consumption, the principles of cleanliness, the principle of marketing, and the principles of provincial work.
1) The principle of order is to increase the utilization rate of rough stones. It is necessary to ensure that the raw material loss in the process of this process must be minimized and the next process must not be affected. The best success rate is the principle of cost. But at the same time, pay attention to the clarity and cutting. One -sided guarantee ignores the clarity and cutting. Instead, it often reduces its overall value.
2) The principle of cleaning is natural minerals, and there are very few pure and flawless. The designer should take out a practical solution to remove the defects during processing. For example, the design of the graphite bag is designed to be close to the cutting surface and splitting surface to remove them during the grinding process. It is really difficult to remove, and the defect design must be designed in a place where it is not very conspicuous and reflected without mirroring, and reduces the impact of defects on the clarity level to minimize. We do not take care of them at the same time. At this time, the designer must weigh repeatedly and make favorable choices with economic benefits as the scale.
3) The principle of marketing principles is to be worn and carved in what diamonds are designed. How to choose between care and purity of cleanliness must be based on their own objective reality to make the product market -to -road and speed up the turnover of funds.
4) The principle of provincial labor principles has always been said to have labor -intensive industries. From rough to finished products, labor consumption is extraordinary. Under the premise of taking care, purity, and marketing, when choosing a table and arranging processing process, properly taking into account the principle of provincial labor is also one aspect of improving economic benefits. For example, when a diamond rough can achieve the expected effect with both sawing and splitting, you should first consider using the split processing process, because the efficiency of the drilling diamond is higher than the saw diamond, which can save work hours. The hardness of the diamond has the characteristics of the opposite sex. Different crystal planes are used as countertops, and there will be a difference in difficulty when grinding. Therefore, if several schemes can be obtained, then the cube should be used as a countertop (four -way pattern) with cube surface (four -way patterns), and the twelve -sided body crystal (two -way pattern) will be considered as a last resort. Tattoo).
In accordance with the above principles, starting from the specific situation of each rough stone, determine the grinding and carving type that should be adopted for each rough.
3. Design the marking line
1) The direction of the drilling line split diamond must follow the direction of the interpretation surface, that is, the direction of the octopus crystal surface. In principle, contact with dual crystal requires the knife from the binocar combination. When the line is marked, it can be marked on the one side of the split surface or on both sides.
2) There are two options when sawing diamonds. One is to see along the direction of the cube crystal surface, and the other is to see the direction of the dose of the twelve-sided body (see Figure 5-1-19). The most commonly used is to see along the direction of the cube surface, because the incident rate of the sawing along the dose of the twelve -sided body is often unsatisfactory. The cutting surface must be perpendicular to the four symmetrical shafts, and the inclinedness must be limited by 15 °. Greater than 15. It is basically not seen. After the thread is defined, the opening point is also made by the ink group.
Figure 5-1-18 Drilling line
Figure 5-1-19 Diamond saw the direction
3) Setting diamond marking line Diamond does not need to be split and saw, one can do one by one Therefore, it is also called granular diamond. Generally, only the bottom position is marked with the ink group, and there are also a cross (×) in the middle of the circle. When encountering the rough stone that wants to "open the window" for observation, the designer also used the ink group to point out the window.
4. Sub -packaging
Generally, each bag has 1, 3 capsules, and 5 capsules until 10 capsules. Depending on the size of the diamond. The principle of subcontracting can be one or more in the following items.
1) The size is divided into the principle of equal or similar or similar.
2) The follow -up process type does not be a packet of stones that do not belong to the same subsequent process.
3) The shape is divided into the expected income rate.
4) The pattern direction is subcontracting according to the grinding direction (four -way pattern, three -way and two -way patterns).
5) The process requirements are divided into one pack with the same similarity.
6) Fluorescence characteristic fluorescent color and their strengths are the same.
7) The clarity and clarity are divided into a pack.
8) Divided into a pack with similar colors.
Generally speaking, the more it uses the items, the easier it is to monitor and manage. This mainly depends on the size and batch size of production.
(2) Diamonds
This diamonds are an ancient diamond processing technology, which originated in India a century ago. At that time, a diamond grinding called POINT CUT was almost an octopus rough. At that time, the sawing drilling process had not yet come out. The Indians used the method of splitting to strip the irregular rough from all directions, leaving a regular "nuclear" of the octagonal body. And the large -scale stones can be made into a variety of rose drills, so the drilling drill was extremely prosperous. With the popularity of radiation diamonds, the drilling process has lost its universality and universality. By the 1970s, the "sawtooth worker" processing using thin slices was recovered slightly. Today, people only use it when dealing with the extremely irregular crystal and severe flaws or touches the double crystal.
This of the world's largest rough, 3106CT Kulinnan diamonds, and the processing of Qiong Diamond (726CT) were grinded by the drilling process. This process requires the characteristics of diamonds to diamonds, especially to accurately judge and act carefully for many abnormalities.
1. It is suitable to use the rough stone of the drilling process
1) Drive the double crystal, especially the joint of the junction surface is damaged or there is a gap.
2) There are obvious flaws on the diarrhea (large feathers or dark backbone bodies, etc.).
3) The crystal shape is extremely irregular.
4) The shape after the split is compared with the saw diamond, with higher income rate and better benefits.
5) There are other people with other utilization values after drilling.
2. The main equipment of the drilling diamond
The main equipment of the drill drill: the drilling workbone with a drilling box on it; the inner edge of the workbench fixes a lead anvil with a drill rod; splitting; splitting; splitting There is a set of diamond rods, the specifications are 10mm to 40mm in diameter, and each rod is increased by 5mm; a group of split drilling steel knife is all large and small; one of the wooden handle is one; the gas (buttane or natural gas) is sprayed with a lamp;
3. The operation procedure of the drilling diamond
1) After the split surface is determined, stick the drilling blank on the head of the drilling rod, slot the orientation, and make the split line and the split drill rod mid -axis 18 18 18 ° ~ 20 ° inclusive, and at the same time stick the slotting diamond carving knife firmly.
2) The left hand holds the drill billet clip, the right hand holds the knife clip, and hooks the vertical sales on both sides of the drill box with my fingers, so that the carved knife is scooped back and forth on the slot of the drill billet, and a slot is carved. At present, this process has been completed with laser in some factories.
3) Select the appropriate thickness splitter to make its blade not in the slot. Note: The knife blade mouth is blunt and not sharp, and it cannot be exposed to the bottom of the slot, so that the sides of the carved knife are on the two walls of the carved slot.
4) Rightening the knife, gently hit the knife arms with a wooden handle, split the diamond.
5) Use a lamp to heat the drilling gum to soften it, remove the drill blank, clean it, and check the quality of the work.
The diamonds may be more than once, which can be repeatedly operated in accordance with the above procedures.
(3) Saw diamond
The actual use of saw diamonds can be traced back to the 17th century. At that time, the tool of sawing diamond was a tight -tight and straight iron wire, which wiped the diamond micro powder, which was similar to the woodworking steel wire saw used today. The 410CT "Regent King" diamonds took a year to see it. It can be seen that its labor efficiency is very low.
The method of sawing drilling is mainly mechanical sawdo, and laser cutting has recently emerged.
The modern mechanical sawdo rigs are generally ten groups, installed on cast iron racks or solid cement seats. Usually a worker can take care of 20 sawers.
The main components of single sawers are: cast iron, cardiac shaft, sawstone clamping mouth, clamping arm, gravity arm, entering the weight ball, adjusting screw, rubber pads and miniature motors. Standing low -quality consumables are: phosphorus, copper saw tablets, sawnite gums, diamond microfim, graphite shaft pads, etc.
The diameter, thickness of the phosphorus copper saw tablet, the diameter of the visual axis axis flange and the size of diamond products. The habits of various countries are not consistent.
It diamond design is marked with the sawing line, and it can be sent to the saw diamond process for adhesive diamonds, installation, opening, sawing, cleaning, quality inspection and other procedures.
1. Sticking diamond
Pill the saw diamond adhesive into the saw diamond's mouth, pay attention to the right amount, put the diamond into it, pay attention to the cutting line and the mouth of the lips parallel (or the vertical vertical with the middle shaft of the pinch of the mouth ) And extend your lips a little, remove excess adhesive, do not cause sticky glue to hinder the spinning of the saw tablet. Put the sticky diamond into the honeycomb -shaped mouth box, move it into the dry box to dry, and then carefully check whether the relative position of the diamond and the mouth of the mouth changes.
2. Put the diamond
Plip the checked diamond clamp the mouth into the arm to make the saw blade aligning the cutting line from the front. It happens to be in the same plane and is not allowed to be misplaced. In short, diamonds pressed from the saw blade on the saw blade must be accurately located, and the sawing path is positive at any time to prevent the sawing. When positioning the billet abroad, the X -ray method, the angle measurement method, and the parallel optical pipe observation method are adopted.
3. Operation
The saw blade used for opening was generally 0.05 to 0.10mm thicker than the official saw drilling. The depth of opening is 1 to 1.5mm.
The selection and quality of the opening position directly related to the quality and success or failure of the entire saw diamond process. The selection of the so -called opening position is essentially how to deal with the problems of various internal and structural characteristics of diamonds.
If there is a mellasty of the rough stone, then the crystal opening on the closest to the erosion groove; if there is a mellastin near the two adjacent crystal tops, the opening of the crystal top of the deep erosion groove; If the two erosion grooves are close to the two crystal tops, the opening of the crystal top near the deep erosion groove; the erosion groove can select one opening from the two crystal tops that are connected in the middle of the crystal edge.
The original stone with a negative crystal top opens the mouth from the negative crystal top;
Is do not let the saw blade pass through the rose petal -shaped graphite bodies. Diamonds containing olive wraps should be opened from the same direction of the body.
The rogue with cracks should be opened from the crystal top with the most cracks or the deepest crack development.
4. Saw diamond
After the mouth is opened, replacing the thin 1 to 2 sawd piece officially starts to see the saw drilling. The selection of the diameter of the saw tablet is based on the diameter of the extension slightly greater than the diamond diameter. The extension distance is too long and bent, and the cutting surface will be uneven; if the extension distance is too short, it will not be seen. The optimal speed of the saw blade is 2800r/min. The efficacy of sawing drilling mainly depends on the particle size, concentration and pressure of diamond microfimpe. To this end, during the entire saw diamond, each interval is 2 to 3 minutes. Use a small roller to wipe the drilling powder blended with olive oil to the saw blade. At the same time, the adjustment screw is rotated to ensure that the pressure of the drilling blank is the maximum. However, when the saw diamond is close to the end, it is necessary to reduce pressure appropriately to prevent the diamond from collapsed before sawing and leave an undisclosed pier, which affects the quality of the saw diamond and the subsequent process.
This and single -person single -shift work vary depending on the size of the stone and the thickness of the saw blade.
5. Cleaning
The saw diamond washed and washed with shampoo incense with water, and then rinsed and dry with water.
6. Quality examination
The inspection of the saw diamond should be performed once before cleaning. The purpose is to check whether the sawing path is followed by the design label. After cleaning, it is mainly to check the quality of the cutting surface. The following situations are unqualified:
1) If the deep aliason marks are not too deep, the incompetence rate of the subsequent process does not have a lot of impact, barely through (Figure 5-1-20 (a).
2 ) The unevenness of the cutting surface is mainly caused by the extension of the saw blade, which is bent by the diamond and it is not corrected in time (Figure 5-1-24 (b)).
3) The tilt surface of the sawing surface was not corrected in time due to the deviation of the saw blade, except for those who were designed with a sloping saw (Figure 5-1-20 (C).
4) Sawn ladder is generally one-size-fits knife. When you open, the saw the road is not allowed to be caused when you are seeing it. The higher the ladder, the worse the situation, because the greater the loss on the table (Figure 5-1-20 (d).
5) The pier is When the end of the end is not reducing the cracking of the diamond crash in time, the half that can be "fly" will be "flying" (Figure 5-1-20 (e).
Various situations of the inspection
(A) Deep sawnite; (b) concave saw surface and convex saw surface; n (4) The working object of the car diamond
This diamond is the diamond waist, the purpose is to give it a beautiful curve (round, double arc, bow -shaped, etc.) with future finished products. The waist edges are straight, and the waist edges of some mixed abrasives (such as Byrin grinding) are also straight lines. When polishing them, do not use the process of drilling.
1. n The earliest grinding waxing bonds depends on handmade, and now the electric vehicle rig is very common. Here we briefly introduce several latest processing equipment.
1) The other automotive drill machines are other things. They are completed by the rig. Different from the usual car rigs: the steering of the two heart axes of the dual -headed drilling machine is completely opposite. Two diamonds are also tools (car knives) and workpieces (processed components). The two diamonds are scraped each other from the camera to enlarge and now on the screen of watching the monitoring, which is convenient for operators to master the progress.
2) The principle of laser vehicle diamond equipment is similar to laser and laser cutting. The surface slightly cracking and high cost of laser processing are their deficiencies.
3) The drilling rig is generally used in China. There are two types of single heads and double heads: the single head machine is adhered to the product (workpiece), and the double -headed machine is leaning on the left mouth and the right thimine on the right. Cooperate with diamonds.
In the dual -header as an example to introduce the structure of the rig: an overall -casting machine seat with a brake wheel and floating card on the left, the right side of the thimine seat and elasticity, the car blade frame and residue in the middle The collection box is also equipped with a vacuum cleaner. The motor installed under the machine drives the dual axis synchronization rotation by allocating a shaft and two synchronous belts.
The main tools used to support the drilling rig are the drill rod. The main auxiliary tools include various specifications of car diamonds, a wooden hammer, and several corner drill billets or artificial polycrystalline particles used for cars. The rotating rotor drill drill driven by a shaft -driven tool is increasingly adopted. In addition to the improvement of work efficiency, the quality of the waist edges it processed is also good.
2. The steps of the drill
1) Carefully observe the exact orientation of the drilling blanks mainly depends on the righteousness, the height is not enough, there is defective and flaws, in order to determine the plan that is part or all removed, decide whether it is sticky or sticky or sticky or all. folder.
2) There are two ways to fix the drill billet, one is sticky, and the other is clamping (see Figure 5-1-21).
Figure 5-1-21 Two methods of fixing drill billets
The two methods have advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of clamping is that the operation is simple, the work is high, and the tip of the tip of the tip is, and the sticky method has a sticky process, which is more troublesome. The tip, non -pointed, cracking, and flawless gray material, the probability of cracking drilling billets is small, and the safety factor is large.
Stocks: Heat the copper head first, apply a special adhesive, gently hold the drilling blank on the adhesive, stick it firmly, and then heat it for about 30 minutes to harden the adhesive, review whether the drilling billet does Shift. After processing, heated before the drill billet is separated from the adhesive.
: Choose the mouth to make the nest matches the bottom, install it on the top base in front of the drilling rhinestone, hold the diamond with the left hand, the bottom tip to the left, and the thimble seat will hold the diamond table after the right hand is pulled. Pay attention to the strength of the top pressure: too small can't hold the diamond, too.
The method of fixed diamond car knife is also two types: sticky and clip. Saw diamonds (SAWN), Boart, or artificial polycrystalline particles can be used as car knives.
3) The rotor shaft of the drill blank is settled in the middle axis of the rotating shaft of the drill blank. The accurate or not, to a large extent, the final result of the drilling process is determined: the income rate, the defect that should be removed or whether the subordinate process is sure to remove it.
4) The goal of the coarse car and rough car is to grind the protruding part of the drill (such as crystal top). Note that the amount of the knife should not be too big and too fierce, and it must be replenished repeatedly.
5) Precision vehicle expectation is to make the process requirements in the diameter circle and waistband of the product.
6) Light side repair of the waist edge. There are three ways to choose from:
The first way is to be carried out in the drilling rig. The car knife is replaced with a sharp blade that has been sawing drilling and touched the product. The waist edges of this processing are rough and the surface is gray -white. The appraisal certificate indicates that the "brirated girdle" is indicated.
The second way is to use a dedicated light edge machine. This kind of machine is smaller than the drilling rig and the principle is similar. It is not a car knife that is used to do tools, but a high -speed diamond microflower polishing wheel that rotates at a high -speed rotation of a certain amplitude. According to the number of diamond microfimpen sintering on the side of the wheel, it has a very thin, thin, medium and thick distinction. The lumbar bonding identification certificate processed by the light edge machine is indicated as "Polished Girdle". Their surface is bright and transparent, with regular geometric shapes.
The 3rd path is performed on the drilling rig. For medium and small diamonds, this must be remedy that after the finished product is completed, and the problem of seriously affecting the positive circles such as gaps and excessive original crystal surfaces. Only large drills and giant drills will consciously modify the waist edges into a series of small noodles. In the appraisal certificate, the processed lumbar bonds indicate the "Faceted Girdle".
The methods of light edges above are only applicable to round diamonds, and they are not suitable for step -type grinding. For alien diamonds with curves, such as heart shape, horse eye, pear -shaped, ellipse, etc., only the possibilities of "polishing the waist" and "small facial waist edge" are considered. There is no kind of diamond mill. The machines can be competent for their different curvature, proportional retractability and large waist edges.
7) The process requirements of the product of the car that are good for the car in the quality inspection is: ① the product overwhelming view must be round. The allowable error can only be 1.1%to 1.5%. ② The minimum value of the waist distance of the product is not less than 12.5%of the diameter, that is, it must be able to accommodate the entire crown and waist edges of the finished drill. ③ The ratio of product height to diameter is not less than 60%and not more than 80%. ④ The bottom of the product should not be less than 45%and not more than 56%. ⑤ The surface of the waistband must be smooth, no lack of collapse, no depression, no flaws on the appearance, without slight cracks, the roughness is not obvious, and it is dark gray white.
This on the table must not be tilted, and the bottom tip should be positive.
(five) grinding diamond
1. Diamond mechanism
The grinding diamond process is a physiological process that has both thermal and mechanical effects, that is, diamonds and grinding plates friction raw heat, resulting in heat, resulting The diamond meter layer graphite, and on the other hand, the diamonds were peeled off by little by little in the collision of the diamond microfimpe. The efficiency of milling diamond depends on the grinding performance of the grinding plate and its speed, the number and density of the diamond microfim, the pressure of diamonds, and the orientation of the diamond on the grinding disc, that is, the selection of the countertop and the orientation of the head.
2. The grinding direction
The habits in the diamond processing line are: Four Points, Two Points, and Three Points, or four directional patterns, two, two Towel and three -way pattern. The essence is the opposite sex of the diamond hardness. The hardness of the different crystal surface of the same diamond will be different, and the hardness in different directions of the same crystal surface will also be different. The so -called "tattoo" problem occurred during milling diamonds is related to the opposite sex of the diamond hardness.
The diamonds with cubic crystal surface as the direction of the countertop are four -pointed stones, and diamonds with diamond -shaped dose -sided crystal surface are two -pointed stone. Skin stone. In other words, as far as an octagonal body is concerned, the four -pointed stones are open from the crystal top (starting the table). Figure 5-1-22).
Figure 5-1-22 Selection direction on the diamond table
This methods are based on the selection of future finished drilling tables. Theory and practice prove that the relative hardness of the four -way pattern is the smallest, the two -way pattern is medium, and the three -way pattern is the largest. The ratio of the relative hardness is about 1: 1.414: 2.308. Therefore, when choosing a countertop, the designer should also refer to this ratio. Under the premise of homogeneity such as homogeneity, it should be designed as four -way patterns. Both directional patterns are the middle strategy and three -way patterns are the next strategy.
The on the table, the tattoo is determined. For the same type of diamonds, there are further hardness of the opposite sex. Generally speaking, the four -pointed stone has a relatively small tip of the lines parallel to the cubic crystal edges, and at the same time, there are four sets of lines in the direction of the diagonal diagonal line. The tattoo direction of the short -diagonal direction is relatively small, and at the same time, there are two groups of tattoos in the direction of the diagonal direction relatively large. There are three sets of tattoos that are parallel to triangular three sides. During the grinding diamond, only when the grinding direction and the relatively small hardness are consistent, the grinding surface will be a bright mirror.
After the tables and patterns are determined, the drilling division goes down in the established pattern, finds a relatively small direction of hardness, and grinds the stone according to the prescribed proportion. Under the ideal circumstances, the confirmation of the best grinding direction has been followed by chapters, but the crystals of ideal rules in nature are rare, which makes the problem complicated.
Of course, the relative hardness of diamonds may also be affected by other factors, such as structural phenomena (dual crystal seams, growth lines, etc.), stress status, internal content, and even fluorescent color.
3. Steps of grinding diamond equipment and grinding diamonds
(1) The main tool of grinding drilling equipment
The grinding drilling workers are grinding beds, milling diamond fixtures, 10 × magnifying glass, waist bodium thread, Diamond slightly powder, olive shaft, etc.
The grinding bed should emphasize three points:
1) The repair of the tailor -made grinding plate must be unified with a large area flat and micro unevenness, and maintain dynamic balance. After the working surface of the grinding plate is flattened, the scratches of double arcs or parabolic lines are used to embed the diamond microfanten with a rough sand wheel or sand bar. Finally, we must use the weight method on the balancing machine to perform a dynamic balance test.
2) Use an appropriate amount of olive oil (sometimes for peach or other vegetable oils) to mix diamond microflower powder, apply foam plastic blocks on the grinding plate work surface evenly, start the grinding bed, roll back and forth with large diamonds, so that diamond powder is used to make the drill powder flour. It is firmly bonded with the mill to improve the efficiency of the abrasive and abrasives and extend its service life.
3) The use of grinding plates should be emphasized clearly. Generally, the inner ring near the axis is used as a test grinding area, the outer ring with the largest velocity of the grinding plate is used as the grinding area, and the mid-ring part between the inner and outer rings is used as a polishing area (see Figure 5-1-23).
Figure 5-1-23 The area of the working surface of the grinding plate
Mi-grinding diamond fixture is fixed with the tin head to fix the diamond. Modern fixture uses the head of a separate scale, angle board, and fine -tuning knob. This fixture is also called grinding hands and robotics. The named fixture used for grinding on the table is called a small surface fixture for the small surface of the small surface, which is called the crown small fixture with the crown small surface, and so on.
(2) Steps of grinding diamonds
The grinding diamonds are a main process that occupies the entire workload of 50%to 60%of the entire workload of the diamond processing process.
The traditional practice of western countries is to take two steps:
The first step: "Cross" (Cross), that is, the tablet, four sides, and crowns.
Step 2: "Tiaoguang plus color" (), that is, grind the bottom eight, bottom waist, small face, crown eight, crown waist face, star noodles.
In this case, the ground and the crown are alternately. There are also grind the bottom and then the crown, or in turn. The former is generally suitable for small diamonds, and the latter is generally suitable for medium and big diamonds. Most of the small diamond factories in China take this approach.
The most detailed approach can be divided into eight processes: countertop → bottom four → crown 4 → bottom eight → crown eight → bottom waist small surface → crown waist small face → star small noodles (see Figure 5-1-24). How to do it depends on the habit. However, professional division of labor and running water are undoubtedly the development trend. The scale of production is an important constraint.
Figure 5-1-24 Diamond processing process
(6) Cleaning and inspection classification
The cleaning after diamond grinding is the last process before the finished product grading. Mix 1000m L concentrated sulfuric acid into a solution, inject the porcelain plate or cup with an appropriate amount of diamond, boil for a few minutes, rinse with distilled water or boiling water after cooling, filter dry, and then check and classify it.

2 thoughts on “Diamond processing process process”

Stacey
September 11, 2022 at 6:07 am

Diamond processing usually includes five processes of design, splitting, sawing, car, and grinding.
The radilateral alien diamond except for the processing process of the waist edge and the coating of the small surface slightly different, the process process is close to the round diamond. The ladder -shaped alien diamond's waist bodium does not need a rig processing, and it is always grinded. The process process and the appliances used are very different from the round diamond. It can be seen that not every diamond must be designed, split, saw, car, and grinds five major processes from the original blank to the finished product, but no matter what grinding and carving diamonds, the two processes of design and grinding diamonds are bound to be bound to be bound to be bound to be necessary. Essence.
(1) Design standard line
The design labeling line is the most basic process of diamond processing. Excellent diamond designers should have at least some of the following quality and skills:
1) The main characteristics of diamonds, especially like crystal, crystal structure, explanation, internal stress (abnormal dual refractive phenomenon), bag body, hardness, each hardness, hardness, and hardness Those characteristics that are closely related to the processing process of the opposite sex must be applied.
2) Familiar with the entire process process of diamond processing, the specific procedures of each road, and the technical level of the workers of the factory, adopt reasonable design choices.
3) Familiar with market conditions, weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the overall benefits of market demand, income rate, risk level, selling price, capital turnover, etc., find out the balance point, find the balance point, and make the best plan.
The tools for the designer's commonly prepared are: electronic scale, card ruler regulation, 10x amplifier (preferably with desktop amplification mirror), calculator, diamond lamp, diamond rough sieve, polarizer, microscope, paper bag, marked line pens And oily ink. The design steps are as follows.
1. The rough stones are sorted according to the size, color, clarity, and crystal shape of the original stone. Observing the rough from the perspective of design, mainly considering the factors: crystal and clarity.
1) The crystal CSO is used to dividing the crystal of the original stone into six categories, that is, the ruler crystal (STONES), the deformed crystal (Shapes), the Cleavages, the Macles, the Flats, and the hexainet Cubes and so on. The regular crystal refers to the octagonal and duodate that is intact, no or almost no deformation. The processing process is called Sawable; the deformation crystal refers to Extending or flattening, that is, the complete transistor that is obviously deformed. The processing process is called a granular drill (Makeable,); Objectively speaking, the distinction between these types of crystals does not have the scale of strict reorganization, and to a certain extent, it is necessary to judge by experience.
2) The clarity is that if the crystal is mainly affecting the income rate, the clarity directly affects the value of the finished diamond. From the perspective of design, you should first clarify the type, size, number, location, and contrast of the inner content; secondly confirm that the flaws that can be removed through processing can be removed; again They are placed in unique and non -reflected positions. When it comes to the surface scrub hair and the rough stone with "shell", it can be grinded at the appropriate part. Talking is called "opening the window". Sometimes the depth of flaws cannot be clear at a glance, and you can use microscope to test. The method is to rotate the focus knob under the same magnification, and find the corresponding relationship between the actual distance between the two points and the scales that rotate the rotation of the new point; then fix the diamond on the carrier, first gather the focus on the surface of the crystal surface On the top, gradually stretch the focal length to the inner content, and write down the size of the focus knob to turn to the actual distance of the inner content from the surface of the crystal to determine whether they can remove them during processing.
2. Design principles
The principles of diamond design mainly include the principles of consumption, the principles of cleanliness, the principle of marketing, and the principles of provincial work.
1) The principle of order is to increase the utilization rate of rough stones. It is necessary to ensure that the raw material loss in the process of this process must be minimized and the next process must not be affected. The best success rate is the principle of cost. But at the same time, pay attention to the clarity and cutting. One -sided guarantee ignores the clarity and cutting. Instead, it often reduces its overall value.
2) The principle of cleaning is natural minerals, and there are very few pure and flawless. The designer should take out a practical solution to remove the defects during processing. For example, the design of the graphite bag is designed to be close to the cutting surface and splitting surface to remove them during the grinding process. It is really difficult to remove, and the defect design must be designed in a place where it is not very conspicuous and reflected without mirroring, and reduces the impact of defects on the clarity level to minimize. We do not take care of them at the same time. At this time, the designer must weigh repeatedly and make favorable choices with economic benefits as the scale.
3) The principle of marketing principles is to be worn and carved in what diamonds are designed. How to choose between care and purity of cleanliness must be based on their own objective reality to make the product market -to -road and speed up the turnover of funds.
4) The principle of provincial labor principles has always been said to have labor -intensive industries. From rough to finished products, labor consumption is extraordinary. Under the premise of taking care, purity, and marketing, when choosing a table and arranging processing process, properly taking into account the principle of provincial labor is also one aspect of improving economic benefits. For example, when a diamond rough can achieve the expected effect with both sawing and splitting, you should first consider using the split processing process, because the efficiency of the drilling diamond is higher than the saw diamond, which can save work hours. The hardness of the diamond has the characteristics of the opposite sex. Different crystal planes are used as countertops, and there will be a difference in difficulty when grinding. Therefore, if several schemes can be obtained, then the cube should be used as a countertop (four -way pattern) with cube surface (four -way patterns), and the twelve -sided body crystal (two -way pattern) will be considered as a last resort. Tattoo).
In accordance with the above principles, starting from the specific situation of each rough stone, determine the grinding and carving type that should be adopted for each rough.
3. Design the marking line
1) The direction of the drilling line split diamond must follow the direction of the interpretation surface, that is, the direction of the octopus crystal surface. In principle, contact with dual crystal requires the knife from the binocar combination. When the line is marked, it can be marked on the one side of the split surface or on both sides.
2) There are two options when sawing diamonds. One is to see along the direction of the cube crystal surface, and the other is to see the direction of the dose of the twelve-sided body (see Figure 5-1-19). The most commonly used is to see along the direction of the cube surface, because the incident rate of the sawing along the dose of the twelve -sided body is often unsatisfactory. The cutting surface must be perpendicular to the four symmetrical shafts, and the inclinedness must be limited by 15 °. Greater than 15. It is basically not seen. After the thread is defined, the opening point is also made by the ink group.
Figure 5-1-18 Drilling line
Figure 5-1-19 Diamond saw the direction
3) Setting diamond marking line Diamond does not need to be split and saw, one can do one by one Therefore, it is also called granular diamond. Generally, only the bottom position is marked with the ink group, and there are also a cross (×) in the middle of the circle. When encountering the rough stone that wants to "open the window" for observation, the designer also used the ink group to point out the window.
4. Sub -packaging
Generally, each bag has 1, 3 capsules, and 5 capsules until 10 capsules. Depending on the size of the diamond. The principle of subcontracting can be one or more in the following items.
1) The size is divided into the principle of equal or similar or similar.
2) The follow -up process type does not be a packet of stones that do not belong to the same subsequent process.
3) The shape is divided into the expected income rate.
4) The pattern direction is subcontracting according to the grinding direction (four -way pattern, three -way and two -way patterns).
5) The process requirements are divided into one pack with the same similarity.
6) Fluorescence characteristic fluorescent color and their strengths are the same.
7) The clarity and clarity are divided into a pack.
8) Divided into a pack with similar colors.
Generally speaking, the more it uses the items, the easier it is to monitor and manage. This mainly depends on the size and batch size of production.
(2) Diamonds
This diamonds are an ancient diamond processing technology, which originated in India a century ago. At that time, a diamond grinding called POINT CUT was almost an octopus rough. At that time, the sawing drilling process had not yet come out. The Indians used the method of splitting to strip the irregular rough from all directions, leaving a regular "nuclear" of the octagonal body. And the large -scale stones can be made into a variety of rose drills, so the drilling drill was extremely prosperous. With the popularity of radiation diamonds, the drilling process has lost its universality and universality. By the 1970s, the "sawtooth worker" processing using thin slices was recovered slightly. Today, people only use it when dealing with the extremely irregular crystal and severe flaws or touches the double crystal.
This of the world's largest rough, 3106CT Kulinnan diamonds, and the processing of Qiong Diamond (726CT) were grinded by the drilling process. This process requires the characteristics of diamonds to diamonds, especially to accurately judge and act carefully for many abnormalities.
1. It is suitable to use the rough stone of the drilling process
1) Drive the double crystal, especially the joint of the junction surface is damaged or there is a gap.
2) There are obvious flaws on the diarrhea (large feathers or dark backbone bodies, etc.).
3) The crystal shape is extremely irregular.
4) The shape after the split is compared with the saw diamond, with higher income rate and better benefits.
5) There are other people with other utilization values after drilling.
2. The main equipment of the drilling diamond
The main equipment of the drill drill: the drilling workbone with a drilling box on it; the inner edge of the workbench fixes a lead anvil with a drill rod; splitting; splitting; splitting There is a set of diamond rods, the specifications are 10mm to 40mm in diameter, and each rod is increased by 5mm; a group of split drilling steel knife is all large and small; one of the wooden handle is one; the gas (buttane or natural gas) is sprayed with a lamp;
3. The operation procedure of the drilling diamond
1) After the split surface is determined, stick the drilling blank on the head of the drilling rod, slot the orientation, and make the split line and the split drill rod mid -axis 18 18 18 ° ~ 20 ° inclusive, and at the same time stick the slotting diamond carving knife firmly.
2) The left hand holds the drill billet clip, the right hand holds the knife clip, and hooks the vertical sales on both sides of the drill box with my fingers, so that the carved knife is scooped back and forth on the slot of the drill billet, and a slot is carved. At present, this process has been completed with laser in some factories.
3) Select the appropriate thickness splitter to make its blade not in the slot. Note: The knife blade mouth is blunt and not sharp, and it cannot be exposed to the bottom of the slot, so that the sides of the carved knife are on the two walls of the carved slot.
4) Rightening the knife, gently hit the knife arms with a wooden handle, split the diamond.
5) Use a lamp to heat the drilling gum to soften it, remove the drill blank, clean it, and check the quality of the work.
The diamonds may be more than once, which can be repeatedly operated in accordance with the above procedures.
(3) Saw diamond
The actual use of saw diamonds can be traced back to the 17th century. At that time, the tool of sawing diamond was a tight -tight and straight iron wire, which wiped the diamond micro powder, which was similar to the woodworking steel wire saw used today. The 410CT "Regent King" diamonds took a year to see it. It can be seen that its labor efficiency is very low.
The method of sawing drilling is mainly mechanical sawdo, and laser cutting has recently emerged.
The modern mechanical sawdo rigs are generally ten groups, installed on cast iron racks or solid cement seats. Usually a worker can take care of 20 sawers.
The main components of single sawers are: cast iron, cardiac shaft, sawstone clamping mouth, clamping arm, gravity arm, entering the weight ball, adjusting screw, rubber pads and miniature motors. Standing low -quality consumables are: phosphorus, copper saw tablets, sawnite gums, diamond microfim, graphite shaft pads, etc.
The diameter, thickness of the phosphorus copper saw tablet, the diameter of the visual axis axis flange and the size of diamond products. The habits of various countries are not consistent.
It diamond design is marked with the sawing line, and it can be sent to the saw diamond process for adhesive diamonds, installation, opening, sawing, cleaning, quality inspection and other procedures.
1. Sticking diamond
Pill the saw diamond adhesive into the saw diamond's mouth, pay attention to the right amount, put the diamond into it, pay attention to the cutting line and the mouth of the lips parallel (or the vertical vertical with the middle shaft of the pinch of the mouth ) And extend your lips a little, remove excess adhesive, do not cause sticky glue to hinder the spinning of the saw tablet. Put the sticky diamond into the honeycomb -shaped mouth box, move it into the dry box to dry, and then carefully check whether the relative position of the diamond and the mouth of the mouth changes.
2. Put the diamond
Plip the checked diamond clamp the mouth into the arm to make the saw blade aligning the cutting line from the front. It happens to be in the same plane and is not allowed to be misplaced. In short, diamonds pressed from the saw blade on the saw blade must be accurately located, and the sawing path is positive at any time to prevent the sawing. When positioning the billet abroad, the X -ray method, the angle measurement method, and the parallel optical pipe observation method are adopted.
3. Operation
The saw blade used for opening was generally 0.05 to 0.10mm thicker than the official saw drilling. The depth of opening is 1 to 1.5mm.
The selection and quality of the opening position directly related to the quality and success or failure of the entire saw diamond process. The selection of the so -called opening position is essentially how to deal with the problems of various internal and structural characteristics of diamonds.
If there is a mellasty of the rough stone, then the crystal opening on the closest to the erosion groove; if there is a mellastin near the two adjacent crystal tops, the opening of the crystal top of the deep erosion groove; If the two erosion grooves are close to the two crystal tops, the opening of the crystal top near the deep erosion groove; the erosion groove can select one opening from the two crystal tops that are connected in the middle of the crystal edge.
The original stone with a negative crystal top opens the mouth from the negative crystal top;
Is do not let the saw blade pass through the rose petal -shaped graphite bodies. Diamonds containing olive wraps should be opened from the same direction of the body.
The rogue with cracks should be opened from the crystal top with the most cracks or the deepest crack development.
4. Saw diamond
After the mouth is opened, replacing the thin 1 to 2 sawd piece officially starts to see the saw drilling. The selection of the diameter of the saw tablet is based on the diameter of the extension slightly greater than the diamond diameter. The extension distance is too long and bent, and the cutting surface will be uneven; if the extension distance is too short, it will not be seen. The optimal speed of the saw blade is 2800r/min. The efficacy of sawing drilling mainly depends on the particle size, concentration and pressure of diamond microfimpe. To this end, during the entire saw diamond, each interval is 2 to 3 minutes. Use a small roller to wipe the drilling powder blended with olive oil to the saw blade. At the same time, the adjustment screw is rotated to ensure that the pressure of the drilling blank is the maximum. However, when the saw diamond is close to the end, it is necessary to reduce pressure appropriately to prevent the diamond from collapsed before sawing and leave an undisclosed pier, which affects the quality of the saw diamond and the subsequent process.
This and single -person single -shift work vary depending on the size of the stone and the thickness of the saw blade.
5. Cleaning
The saw diamond washed and washed with shampoo incense with water, and then rinsed and dry with water.
6. Quality examination
The inspection of the saw diamond should be performed once before cleaning. The purpose is to check whether the sawing path is followed by the design label. After cleaning, it is mainly to check the quality of the cutting surface. The following situations are unqualified:
1) If the deep aliason marks are not too deep, the incompetence rate of the subsequent process does not have a lot of impact, barely through (Figure 5-1-20 (a).
2 ) The unevenness of the cutting surface is mainly caused by the extension of the saw blade, which is bent by the diamond and it is not corrected in time (Figure 5-1-24 (b)).
3) The tilt surface of the sawing surface was not corrected in time due to the deviation of the saw blade, except for those who were designed with a sloping saw (Figure 5-1-20 (C).
4) Sawn ladder is generally one-size-fits knife. When you open, the saw the road is not allowed to be caused when you are seeing it. The higher the ladder, the worse the situation, because the greater the loss on the table (Figure 5-1-20 (d).
5) The pier is When the end of the end is not reducing the cracking of the diamond crash in time, the half that can be "fly" will be "flying" (Figure 5-1-20 (e).
Various situations of the inspection
(A) Deep sawnite; (b) concave saw surface and convex saw surface; n (4) The working object of the car diamond
This diamond is the diamond waist, the purpose is to give it a beautiful curve (round, double arc, bow -shaped, etc.) with future finished products. The waist edges are straight, and the waist edges of some mixed abrasives (such as Byrin grinding) are also straight lines. When polishing them, do not use the process of drilling.
1. n The earliest grinding waxing bonds depends on handmade, and now the electric vehicle rig is very common. Here we briefly introduce several latest processing equipment.
1) The other automotive drill machines are other things. They are completed by the rig. Different from the usual car rigs: the steering of the two heart axes of the dual -headed drilling machine is completely opposite. Two diamonds are also tools (car knives) and workpieces (processed components). The two diamonds are scraped each other from the camera to enlarge and now on the screen of watching the monitoring, which is convenient for operators to master the progress.
2) The principle of laser vehicle diamond equipment is similar to laser and laser cutting. The surface slightly cracking and high cost of laser processing are their deficiencies.
3) The drilling rig is generally used in China. There are two types of single heads and double heads: the single head machine is adhered to the product (workpiece), and the double -headed machine is leaning on the left mouth and the right thimine on the right. Cooperate with diamonds.
In the dual -header as an example to introduce the structure of the rig: an overall -casting machine seat with a brake wheel and floating card on the left, the right side of the thimine seat and elasticity, the car blade frame and residue in the middle The collection box is also equipped with a vacuum cleaner. The motor installed under the machine drives the dual axis synchronization rotation by allocating a shaft and two synchronous belts.
The main tools used to support the drilling rig are the drill rod. The main auxiliary tools include various specifications of car diamonds, a wooden hammer, and several corner drill billets or artificial polycrystalline particles used for cars. The rotating rotor drill drill driven by a shaft -driven tool is increasingly adopted. In addition to the improvement of work efficiency, the quality of the waist edges it processed is also good.
2. The steps of the drill
1) Carefully observe the exact orientation of the drilling blanks mainly depends on the righteousness, the height is not enough, there is defective and flaws, in order to determine the plan that is part or all removed, decide whether it is sticky or sticky or sticky or all. folder.
2) There are two ways to fix the drill billet, one is sticky, and the other is clamping (see Figure 5-1-21).
Figure 5-1-21 Two methods of fixing drill billets
The two methods have advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of clamping is that the operation is simple, the work is high, and the tip of the tip of the tip is, and the sticky method has a sticky process, which is more troublesome. The tip, non -pointed, cracking, and flawless gray material, the probability of cracking drilling billets is small, and the safety factor is large.
Stocks: Heat the copper head first, apply a special adhesive, gently hold the drilling blank on the adhesive, stick it firmly, and then heat it for about 30 minutes to harden the adhesive, review whether the drilling billet does Shift. After processing, heated before the drill billet is separated from the adhesive.
: Choose the mouth to make the nest matches the bottom, install it on the top base in front of the drilling rhinestone, hold the diamond with the left hand, the bottom tip to the left, and the thimble seat will hold the diamond table after the right hand is pulled. Pay attention to the strength of the top pressure: too small can't hold the diamond, too.
The method of fixed diamond car knife is also two types: sticky and clip. Saw diamonds (SAWN), Boart, or artificial polycrystalline particles can be used as car knives.
3) The rotor shaft of the drill blank is settled in the middle axis of the rotating shaft of the drill blank. The accurate or not, to a large extent, the final result of the drilling process is determined: the income rate, the defect that should be removed or whether the subordinate process is sure to remove it.
4) The goal of the coarse car and rough car is to grind the protruding part of the drill (such as crystal top). Note that the amount of the knife should not be too big and too fierce, and it must be replenished repeatedly.
5) Precision vehicle expectation is to make the process requirements in the diameter circle and waistband of the product.
6) Light side repair of the waist edge. There are three ways to choose from:
The first way is to be carried out in the drilling rig. The car knife is replaced with a sharp blade that has been sawing drilling and touched the product. The waist edges of this processing are rough and the surface is gray -white. The appraisal certificate indicates that the "brirated girdle" is indicated.
The second way is to use a dedicated light edge machine. This kind of machine is smaller than the drilling rig and the principle is similar. It is not a car knife that is used to do tools, but a high -speed diamond microflower polishing wheel that rotates at a high -speed rotation of a certain amplitude. According to the number of diamond microfimpen sintering on the side of the wheel, it has a very thin, thin, medium and thick distinction. The lumbar bonding identification certificate processed by the light edge machine is indicated as "Polished Girdle". Their surface is bright and transparent, with regular geometric shapes.
The 3rd path is performed on the drilling rig. For medium and small diamonds, this must be remedy that after the finished product is completed, and the problem of seriously affecting the positive circles such as gaps and excessive original crystal surfaces. Only large drills and giant drills will consciously modify the waist edges into a series of small noodles. In the appraisal certificate, the processed lumbar bonds indicate the "Faceted Girdle".
The methods of light edges above are only applicable to round diamonds, and they are not suitable for step -type grinding. For alien diamonds with curves, such as heart shape, horse eye, pear -shaped, ellipse, etc., only the possibilities of "polishing the waist" and "small facial waist edge" are considered. There is no kind of diamond mill. The machines can be competent for their different curvature, proportional retractability and large waist edges.
7) The process requirements of the product of the car that are good for the car in the quality inspection is: ① the product overwhelming view must be round. The allowable error can only be 1.1%to 1.5%. ② The minimum value of the waist distance of the product is not less than 12.5%of the diameter, that is, it must be able to accommodate the entire crown and waist edges of the finished drill. ③ The ratio of product height to diameter is not less than 60%and not more than 80%. ④ The bottom of the product should not be less than 45%and not more than 56%. ⑤ The surface of the waistband must be smooth, no lack of collapse, no depression, no flaws on the appearance, without slight cracks, the roughness is not obvious, and it is dark gray white.
This on the table must not be tilted, and the bottom tip should be positive.
(five) grinding diamond
1. Diamond mechanism
The grinding diamond process is a physiological process that has both thermal and mechanical effects, that is, diamonds and grinding plates friction raw heat, resulting in heat, resulting The diamond meter layer graphite, and on the other hand, the diamonds were peeled off by little by little in the collision of the diamond microfimpe. The efficiency of milling diamond depends on the grinding performance of the grinding plate and its speed, the number and density of the diamond microfim, the pressure of diamonds, and the orientation of the diamond on the grinding disc, that is, the selection of the countertop and the orientation of the head.
2. The grinding direction
The habits in the diamond processing line are: Four Points, Two Points, and Three Points, or four directional patterns, two, two Towel and three -way pattern. The essence is the opposite sex of the diamond hardness. The hardness of the different crystal surface of the same diamond will be different, and the hardness in different directions of the same crystal surface will also be different. The so -called "tattoo" problem occurred during milling diamonds is related to the opposite sex of the diamond hardness.
The diamonds with cubic crystal surface as the direction of the countertop are four -pointed stones, and diamonds with diamond -shaped dose -sided crystal surface are two -pointed stone. Skin stone. In other words, as far as an octagonal body is concerned, the four -pointed stones are open from the crystal top (starting the table). Figure 5-1-22).
Figure 5-1-22 Selection direction on the diamond table
This methods are based on the selection of future finished drilling tables. Theory and practice prove that the relative hardness of the four -way pattern is the smallest, the two -way pattern is medium, and the three -way pattern is the largest. The ratio of the relative hardness is about 1: 1.414: 2.308. Therefore, when choosing a countertop, the designer should also refer to this ratio. Under the premise of homogeneity such as homogeneity, it should be designed as four -way patterns. Both directional patterns are the middle strategy and three -way patterns are the next strategy.
The on the table, the tattoo is determined. For the same type of diamonds, there are further hardness of the opposite sex. Generally speaking, the four -pointed stone has a relatively small tip of the lines parallel to the cubic crystal edges, and at the same time, there are four sets of lines in the direction of the diagonal diagonal line. The tattoo direction of the short -diagonal direction is relatively small, and at the same time, there are two groups of tattoos in the direction of the diagonal direction relatively large. There are three sets of tattoos that are parallel to triangular three sides. During the grinding diamond, only when the grinding direction and the relatively small hardness are consistent, the grinding surface will be a bright mirror.
After the tables and patterns are determined, the drilling division goes down in the established pattern, finds a relatively small direction of hardness, and grinds the stone according to the prescribed proportion. Under the ideal circumstances, the confirmation of the best grinding direction has been followed by chapters, but the crystals of ideal rules in nature are rare, which makes the problem complicated.
Of course, the relative hardness of diamonds may also be affected by other factors, such as structural phenomena (dual crystal seams, growth lines, etc.), stress status, internal content, and even fluorescent color.
3. Steps of grinding diamond equipment and grinding diamonds
(1) The main tool of grinding drilling equipment
The grinding drilling workers are grinding beds, milling diamond fixtures, 10 × magnifying glass, waist bodium thread, Diamond slightly powder, olive shaft, etc.
The grinding bed should emphasize three points:
1) The repair of the tailor -made grinding plate must be unified with a large area flat and micro unevenness, and maintain dynamic balance. After the working surface of the grinding plate is flattened, the scratches of double arcs or parabolic lines are used to embed the diamond microfanten with a rough sand wheel or sand bar. Finally, we must use the weight method on the balancing machine to perform a dynamic balance test.
2) Use an appropriate amount of olive oil (sometimes for peach or other vegetable oils) to mix diamond microflower powder, apply foam plastic blocks on the grinding plate work surface evenly, start the grinding bed, roll back and forth with large diamonds, so that diamond powder is used to make the drill powder flour. It is firmly bonded with the mill to improve the efficiency of the abrasive and abrasives and extend its service life.
3) The use of grinding plates should be emphasized clearly. Generally, the inner ring near the axis is used as a test grinding area, the outer ring with the largest velocity of the grinding plate is used as the grinding area, and the mid-ring part between the inner and outer rings is used as a polishing area (see Figure 5-1-23).
Figure 5-1-23 The area of the working surface of the grinding plate
Mi-grinding diamond fixture is fixed with the tin head to fix the diamond. Modern fixture uses the head of a separate scale, angle board, and fine -tuning knob. This fixture is also called grinding hands and robotics. The named fixture used for grinding on the table is called a small surface fixture for the small surface of the small surface, which is called the crown small fixture with the crown small surface, and so on.
(2) Steps of grinding diamonds
The grinding diamonds are a main process that occupies the entire workload of 50%to 60%of the entire workload of the diamond processing process.
The traditional practice of western countries is to take two steps:
The first step: "Cross" (Cross), that is, the tablet, four sides, and crowns.
Step 2: "Tiaoguang plus color" (), that is, grind the bottom eight, bottom waist, small face, crown eight, crown waist face, star noodles.
In this case, the ground and the crown are alternately. There are also grind the bottom and then the crown, or in turn. The former is generally suitable for small diamonds, and the latter is generally suitable for medium and big diamonds. Most of the small diamond factories in China take this approach.
The most detailed approach can be divided into eight processes: countertop → bottom four → crown 4 → bottom eight → crown eight → bottom waist small surface → crown waist small face → star small noodles (see Figure 5-1-24). How to do it depends on the habit. However, professional division of labor and running water are undoubtedly the development trend. The scale of production is an important constraint.
Figure 5-1-24 Diamond processing process
(6) Cleaning and inspection classification
The cleaning after diamond grinding is the last process before the finished product grading. Mix 1000m L concentrated sulfuric acid into a solution, inject the porcelain plate or cup with an appropriate amount of diamond, boil for a few minutes, rinse with distilled water or boiling water after cooling, filter dry, and then check and classify it.

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Kenneth
September 11, 2022 at 6:07 am

Pay content for time limit to check for freenAnswer Hello, first of all, the first board: the so -called starting board is to make the designer's sketching sketches: silver or wax templates, so that the prototype of the diamond ring is born. Some friends have seen wax trees, which means that many wax molds have seen many wax molds. Hanging on the wax pillar, like a tree, the model is made into a version, placed in the inverter, at high temperature, the wax melts and flows out, and the golden water is added, so the wax model becomes a metal ring. Secondly, the process of holding: from the process of plastic template to metal template, the ring ring is basically completed. The tool for the model looks rough, but it is this that it is impossible to see a beautiful device to forge the beam that illuminates love. Then with the stone: with the stone to match the appropriate diamond, choose the diamond, and weigh it. Each diamond ring has its appropriate diamond to match, and it cannot be embedded in metal rings slightly or smaller. So choosing the right diamond is the bright eternal with your life. Later inlaid: When choosing a suitable size diamond, it is necessary to firmly inlaid it on a metal ring. This step is crucial in the birth of the diamond ring. Risk of falling. Finally polished: After the prototype of the diamond ring comes out, it must be polished and polished to make the diamond ring full of texture and gloss. The polishing is aimed at the metal part of the ring. The metal ring interface that has just been taken out of the mold is blurred and has a rough grainy. It must be polished by the machine to appear smooth and soft.

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